bennor



(No Model.) -5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. BENNOR. BLOCK 0B. BRICK PRESSING MAGHINE.

gatented Dec. 11, "1883. s

WITNESSES: AWE/Woke,

X @Zm j I ATT RNEI 1 N. PETERS. mlo-uuw n hen wnhinglon. D, C.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

- LBENNOR.

BLOCK 0R BRICK PRESSING MACHINE. v

.No. "28'9-,-882-.- Patented Dec; 11,1883.

' INVENTOR/ finemks: 8 g! I 4 4 a aim: %TORNEY" N PETERS, Ptwlo-uma ber.wmm m. DJ;

(No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 3.

\ J. BENNOR.

BLOCK ORBRICK PRESSING MACHINE.

No. 289382. Patented Dec. 11, 1883.

[NVEN T OR T NESS A TTORNEK n, 9mm mmmmnpm wmimw. a. c

(No Model.)

3 i 5Sheets-Sheet 5. V

J. BENNOR. BLOCK QR BRICK PRESSING Pat MAGH'INEP l ented D60. 11. 1883.

' m gzho ATTORNEY WITNESSES:

'- 25-and connecting-yoke.

UNITED STATES PATENT Grime.

JOSEPH BENNOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA., ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TO WILLIAM H.STAAKE AND WILLIAM E. KNOWVLES, OF SAME PLACE.

BLOCK OR BRICK PRESSING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 289,882, dated December-11, 1883.

Application filed January 22, 1883. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JosEPH BENNOR, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania,ihave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Blockor Brick Pressing Machines, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, wherein-Figure 1 is a plan of an artificial block or a brick pressing machineembodying .my improvements, one end of the same being partly sectional.Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly sectional,.of the same. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal vertical section through the line 1 1, Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and5 are detail broken sectional elevations, illustrating the sliding'movement of the plungers or the parts between which the block or brickis formed. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section through the line 22, Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a broken transverse vertical section through theline 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a detail section of the discharging-plunger.Fig. 9 is a perspective of the knives or cut-offs Fig. 10 is a like viewof thepresser-plungers. Fig. 11 is a similar view of plungers forforming the bottom and ends of the block or brick; and Fig. 12 is adetail broken perspective of the movable plungers, cut-off, and a blockor brick, illustrating their relative positions when thedischarging-plunger is descending to eject the block from the press.

My invention has relation to machines for molding and compressingartificial blocks or bricks, and has for its object to provide a machinewhich forms a block or brick having all its surfaces smooth or finished,producing a block or brick better adapted for building or the plungerrecedes, a suction is produced bepaving purposes and with lessexpenditure of tween the pressed or impinging faces or parts, whichcauses particles of the block to adhere to the faces-of the compressingdevices. Gonsequently the block so made has one'or more roughened orpitted sides or surfaces. Alike result is also produced even when aseparate plunger is employed to effect the removal of the block from asliding or traveling moldboX, for the reason that the pressure requiredto eject the block is suchthat it expels the 6c air from the pressedfaces, thereby causing the suction and effecting a separation ofparticles from the block, as described. Another disadvantage resultingfrom such'suction is that it provides a force which acts reversely or isopposed to that employed to move the plungers backwardly; and hence morepower is then required to effect its retrograde movement. It is evident,therefore, that if all the parts of the mold and the compressing devicesof a block or brick making machine be so formed and arranged relativelyto one another that they may be operated to slide off from all the facesor sides of the block, then all its surfaces will be smooth or finished,and all suction between the pressed faces is'avoided.

My invention'is designed to accomplish such results; and it consists inthe novel combination, construction, and arrangement-of parts, havingespecial reference to the provision of a series of plungers orblock-compressing de vices, forminga separable mold, the parts of whichare combined with mechanism by means of which they are operated tosuccessively or otherwise provide a chamber for the charge, a box inwhich thecharge is compressed into 7 a block, and are then separatelymoved or' slid from the pressedblock to smooth or fin -ish all itssurfaces and eject it from the press or machine.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which show my improvementsapplied to a double-end or duplex pressing-machine,A represents theframe-work or base,which may be of any suitable or desirable form andconstruction, having bulk-heads a a at its ends 13 and B. Saidbulk-heads are provided with a series of perforations, a which serve asoutlets for surplus in the charge when compressed into a block or brick,as hereinafter set forth.

represent recesses in the bulk-heads, having inclined sides a andperforations a leading therefrom, for purposes to be hereinafterexplained. Projecting from the bulk-heads are uprights a,which formguides for the discharging-plungers C O to move up and down in. Adjacentto said plungers are the hoppers D D, screwed or otherswise suitablyfastened to the frame A, as shown at d. The plungers G 0 provided withopenings or sockets c c for the reception of eccentrically-formed shaftsC C, (more plainly shown in Fig. 8,) and are connected to the saidplungers by set or adjusting screws 0 c. The opposite ends of shafts C Gare pivoted or loosely connected to links 0 O", which in turn aresimilarly secured to beams E E,mounted at e e on shaft E, on oppositesides of the machine, as plainly shown in Fig. 1. Said beams are formedwith guides or slots 6 e, in which work cams F F, secured to shaft E Asthe cams F F rotate, the beams E E are oscillated, the shaft E formingthe fulcrum for such oscillation, and the plungers C O are moved up anddown in their guides to a.

G G represent the knives or cut-offs for the hoppers D D, and areconnected by a yoke, G, in which operates a cam,G secured to shaft E".As the cam G revolves, it reciprocates the cut-offs, to alternately openand close the bottoms of the hoppers. Said cut-offs and yoke are moreplainly indicated in Fig.

H H represent the compressing-plungers proper, and H a connecting-yoketherefor, as illustrated in Fig. 10, for receiving a band or strap, Hfor an eccentric, H, secured to shaft As the eccentric H revolves, itsstrap H moves verticallyin the yoke H, and the plungers H reciprocate toand from the discharging-plungers G O.

J Jrepresent other plungers, having proj ecting sides or flanges J J,which embrace the plungers H H, and extend upwardly and are flush withthe top surface of plungers H, as more plainly shown in Fig. 7. Theplungers J Jhave a connecting-yoke, J'", in which works a cam, J,attached to shaft E", whereby they are moved to and fro. The plungers Hand the sides J of plungers J are located in the plane of the bulk-headsa a, while the body of plungers J are below the bulk-heads, so as tomove or slide below the same. When in such position or so moving,theirflanges J enter the recesses (1. in the bulk-heads, as plainly shown ata, Fig. 3.

E represents the driving-shaft, having bearings in uprights K K; and L Lare, respect ively, a pinion and gear-wheel for communicating the motionof shaft E to shaft E, said parts being in the position shown in Figs. 3and 6. The hopper at end B is opened to feed a charge in chamber P,formed below said hopper, while at the end B the charge previously fedfrom the hopper D at such end is being formed into a block or brickwithin the box P, the plungers O C being respectively at the highest andlowest points of their vertical movement. As the plungers H and J at eecssz each end of the'machine are reciprocated, they successively provideor form, in conjunction with the discharging-plungers O O and thebulk-heads a a, a charging-chamber,P, and a boX or mold, P. ThechamberP, it will be noted, is bounded by the end h of plunger H, uppersurface,j, of plunger J, the inner faces,

j, of the sides J, and the face a of discharging-plunger G, and thechamber or box P is bounded by end it of plunger H, top j of plunger J,faces j of the sides J,'and side a of bulk-head a, and bottom side, 0 ofplunger 0. The movements of said various plungers for forming thechambers P and boxes P to receive the charge and compress it being thesame at both ends of the machine, I will, for the sake of clearness,confine the description thereof to the end B, premising that while thechamber P at said end is being charged and the material compressed ablock has been formed and is being ejected from the machine at the endB, or vice versa. The chamber P having been charged, the plungers H andJ are advanced toward the discharging-plunger C, and the latter beginsto rise and provide for the box P. \Vhen plunger G has traveled upwardlyto its highest point, the box P is fully formed,and the plungers H and Jhave assumed the position represented at y, Fig. 6. During such movementthe plunger H has pushed the charge before it, moving the same fromchamber P, and compressing it in box or mold P. As soon as the block isformed, the plunger J begins to recede, its top j and faces of its sidesJ slide off of the respective sides or surfaces of the block in contacttherewith. Said plungerJ so recedes until it passes clear of the bottomof the block and assumes the position shown in Fig. 4. Mean- .while theplungers H and 0 have a slight dwell. When such clearance is effected,the plunger 0 begins to descend and slides the block across the surfacesa and h of the bulkhead a and plunger H, respectively, as indicated inFig. 4. As soon as the block moves downwardly, the plunger H recedes,its face or end 71. leaves the block without causing particles to adherethereto,for the reason that as the plunger H recedes the block is movingdownwardly and has been thereby loosened from the end h of said plunger,allowing air to enter between the pressed faces of said parts. NVhen theblock is moved by the plunger 0 to the line of the under side of thebulkhead, the plunger J again advances, the facej thereof meets theblock and slides it off the bottom 0 of plunger 0. as represented inFig. 5,whereupon the last-named plunger rises to form box P for thefresh charge now ready to be compressed by the plunger H. It will beseen, therefore, that all sides or surfaces of the block are slid offthe pressing-surfaces. Consequently a block so formed has all itssurfaces smooth or finished. All suction in the boX P is avoided.Another advantage of such sliding movement of the block or thepressing-faces between which it is formed is that said pressing-facesare kept clean or are polished, and such result is effected withoutusing wipers or other special mechanism. The cams located on shaft E aresecured thereto, and so timedin their rotation that the abovedescribedmovements of the plungers follow each other, as set forth. Any surplusfed to the boxes 1? passes or is forced out thereof through theperforations a by the plungers H, and all clay or other substancesadvanced into the recesses c by the ends of the sides J J of plungersJare forced out therefrom through the perforations w', or loosened andseparated from said ends by the inclined sides 64* of such recesses, anddrops out from the latter when the plunger J recedes.

I have shown and described the bulk-heads as being stationary; but, ifdesired, they may be connected to mechanism and so operated that theywill descend to help form the chambers P, and rise or slide upwardly offthe block when the latter is formed. In such case the plungers H may beused to eject the block from the machine, the plungers 0 not descendinguntil such ej ectment has been effected. So, too, while I have shown anddescribed the chamber I and box P being formed successively, I 'do notconfine myself thereto, for, if the machine be changed from a horizontalto a vertically-acting one, the charging-chambers and boxes will beformed simultaneously, or be one chamber orbox.

Again, while I have shown special mechanism for effecting the differentsliding movements of the various plungers, I do not limit myselfthereto, as such mechanism may be changed in (livers ways foraccomplishing such results without departing from the spirit of myimprovements. So, too, I do not confine my improvements to a double-endor duplex machine, as they may be applied to a single.- end press.Again, the sides J J on the plunger J may be dispensed with, in whichcase the bulk-heads will be formed the length of the block and haveprojecting sides to form the ends of the block.

\Vhat I claim is a 1. In an organized block or brick pressing machine,the combination, with a series of independent plungers or parts, ofmcchani sm for operating said plungers to form a separable mold,substantially as shown and described.

2. In a block or brick pressing machine, the combination of plun gers ormovable parts forming a separable mold, and means for moving said partsto form a separable charging-chamber in advance of the mold,substantially as shown and described.

3. In a block or brick pressing machine, a separable mold the parts ofwhich are combined with operating mechanism, substantially as shown anddescribed, whereby said parts are moved to successively form achargingchamber, a mold-box, and are slid off of the surfaces of theblock or brick as it is ejected from the mold, substantially as setforth.

4. In a block or brick pressing machine, a separable mold andcharging-chamber composed of a compressing-plunger, and two or moredischarging-plungers, one of the latter forming the bottom and sides orends of the mold and charging-chamber, and combined with operatingmechanism, substantially as shown and described.

5. In a block or brick pressing machine, a separable mold composed of acompressingplunger, sliding bottom, ends or sides, one or moredischarging plungers, and operating mechanism therefor, combined with abulkhead, substantially as shown and described.

6. In a block or brick pressing machine, the combination of a separablemold, operating mechanism for the parts composing the mold, a hopper,and cut-off mechanism therefor, substantially as shown and described.

7. In a block or brick pressing machine, the combination of a separablemold, operating mechanism for the parts of the mold, and a perforatedbulk-head, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a block or brick pressing machine, the combination of a separablemold, a separable charging-chamber,operatingmechanismtherefor, and abulk-head having perforations a a and recesses a, with inclined sides'a,substantially as shown and described.

9. The combination of vertically moving plunger 0, forming the top ofaseparable mold, the eccentric shaft 0, with adjusting mechanism c, theplungers H J, bulk-head a, and opcrating mechanism, substantially asshown and described.

10. The combination of plunger H, the plunger J, having sides J J, andoperating mechanism therefor, substantially as shown and described.

11. The combination of plungers O O, shafts 0, links 0 beams .15 shaftor fulcrum E, shaft E and cam F, working in ways e in said beams,substantially as shown and described.

12. The combination of hoppers D, cut-offs G, yoke G, cam G and shaft Esubstantially as shown and described.

13. The combination, with bulk-heads a, of the plungers H, yoke II,eccentric H strap H and shaft E substantially asshown and described.

14. The combination of plungers J J, having sides J J, yoke J cam J andshaft E substantially as shown and described.

15. The combination of moving plunger 0, compressing plunger H, slidingplunger J, having sides J J embracing plunger H, and operating mechanismtherefor, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH BENNOR.

Witnesses S. J. VAN STAVOREN, WVM. E. KNOWLES.

